Data store migrations with no downtime

Data store migrations can be complex, especially if the application cannot afford to have maintenance downtime. We will explore some strategies that can help you navigate the complexity. In our case, it was a migration from a NoSQL data store, DynamoDB into a relational data store, MySQL. However, this post…

Let’s make a message encoder in Ruby

Binary message encoding is a common pattern in modern distributed systems. Tools like Protobuf, Avro and Thrift are increasingly used to decrease payload size and provide typed contracts for message produces and consumers. Many developers will need to utilise these tools at some point, but they can be opaque and…

Zendesk’s journey to Kubernetes

We can use Kubernetes for little things, but there isn’t much point doing it for our original monolithic Ruby on Rails product. Even if we did…

Implementing mTLS and Securing Apache Kafka at Zendesk

This article was originally posted on the Confluent blog at https://www.confluent.io/blog/how-zendesk-secures-kafka-with-mtls-authentication-system/ Background At Zendesk, Apache Kafka® is one of our foundational services for distributing events among different internal systems. We have pods, which can be thought of as isolated cloud environments where our products run, spread out all across the world…

Performing Kubernetes Service CIDR Block Migration

History At Zendesk, we started our Kubernetes journey in September 2015, shortly after version 1.0 was publicly available. At the time of v1.0 not much information was available and we didn’t have a lot of experience, so some configuration choices that made sense four years ago have had to be reconsidered…

Documentation: it’s more than words

Software development is as much about communication as it is about functionality. At its core, code reflects business processes and business logic. Software never exists solely in a vacuum, it is surrounded by both context and people. Tracking the history of a business and its software becomes an increasingly important…

Evaluating Apache Pulsar

Zendesk currently use Kafka, primarily for publishing of events. We are also considering publishing the state of entities to Kafka, using compacted topics to keep only the latest version of an entity. We do this already, but are considering it for much larger data sets. These compacted topics will be…

App Onboarding with SwiftUI

Onboarding is the process of helping users to understand an app, and hopefully, encouraging them to continue to use it. Onboarding flows usually consist of one or more screens explaining how a user can use the app, and often involve some input from the user, e.g signing up, logging in…

Racecar v2: A New Foundation

It’s been three years since we introduced Racecar, a simple framework for building Kafka consumer applications that worked seamlessly with or without Ruby on Rails. With Racecar, building a consumer application for processing…

Zendesk’s Global Mesh Network- Part 2

Data Catalogs, the Luxury of Choice

SwiftUI & UIView — A Simple Mistake

I recently made a simple mistake. An implementation which appeared correct, based on its initial usage, turned out to be incorrect when its usage changed. But before we start, although this post describes the mistake I made and shows you how…

How we run gamedays in Talk

While we can sometimes see our products as simply a bundle of operations with corresponding Service Level Indicators and Objectives, we also need to keep in mind the human factor responsible for maintaining these agreements. Introduction This article idea came after a 2019 EMEA SREcon talk that strongly resonated with me…

How probable are collisions with ULID’s monotonic option?

There’s a lot of excitement at Zendesk about ULID. As a universally unique identifier format, ULID has become a popular alternative to UUID in recent years. For most of our history at Zendesk, we’ve used integer IDs internally for database keys, as well as in our public APIs. We even…

Leading Machine Learning at Zendesk

I recently participated in an interview series covering careers in emerging technology fields on the French website TOM.travel. I’ve been leading machine learning at Zendesk for the last 6 years and over that time we’ve grown from two people in Melbourne to tens of people on three continents. I discussed…

A Github Actions Workflow to Generate & Publish your Hugo Website

This short post describes a Github Actions workflow to generate your Hugo-based website and publish it to Github Pages. To learn more about Hugo and GitHub Pages, and how to use them to build your website, see my previous post. What is Github Actions Github Actions is a service from Github which allows you…

Validating Cloud Custodian on AWS with Moto

At Zendesk, we adopted Cloud Custodian as a framework to implement compliance across our AWS accounts. Cloud Custodian has a Domain Specific Language that allows anyone with a penchant for reading documentation to create policies that can report or act on resources in AWS, GCP, or Azure. Deleting or re-configuring…

An investigation into Kafka Log Compaction

Background At Zendesk, we have been using Kafka in production for several years. Primarily we have been using it to distribute events between services. For example, “a ticket has been changed, and this is what changed”. We are now considering using Kafka to share entities between systems. For example, each time…

Chaos Engineering comes to Ruby

In a micro-service environment, an unexpected service outage often comes as a surprise and when it happens it’s stressful for engineers, managers, and the clients. If you want to prepare your Ruby application for the next surprise and prevent it early then this post is for you. I will show…

Part 2 — Zendesk Spotlight: Our Career-Changer Engineers.

Following on from Zendesk Spotlight: Our Career-Changer Engineers I received so many words of wisdom from our career-changer engineers that it was clearly worth sharing it with the world. And judging by your response to Part 1 you think so too! Here is what they had to say. Catherine Software Engineer…

A minimal Python client for talking to TensorFlow Serving

min-tfs-client is a minimal gRPC client for TensorFlow Serving that doesn’t depend on TensorFlow. TL;DR: min-tfs-client is a minimal python client for TensorFlow Serving that allows you to use serverless services (e.g. AWS Lambda) that have deployment size limits (250 Mb uncompressed, at time of writing). It works by removing TensorFlow as a dependency to create tensor protobufs for the prediction request. Feel free…

Kafka on Ruby

pakkr™ (Part I), One Pipeline to Rule Them All

Co-Author This blog is a collaborative effort with Eric Pak. Prequel This is a story of how we, data scientists and machine learning engineers in Zendesk, came out of the dark age of machine learning tooling, built our in-house tooling pakkr pipeline, and shared it with the world. The Dark Age: Life Pre-pakkr and How We Came Here Nowadays, many companies talk…

10 tips for growing a globally distributed engineering team

Datadog App Analytics/Logs from One to N